MOTS-C

A purified research-grade lyophilized material designed for controlled laboratory analysis.

🔬 MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) — Overview

MOTS-c is a naturally occurring mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA rather than the nuclear genome. It functions as a mitochondrial signaling peptide (mitokine), acting as a communication molecule between mitochondria and the nucleus. MOTS-c is studied in research settings for its role in metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, cellular stress responses, and mitochondrial function.

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📌 Brief Functional Description

• Metabolic regulation: Studied for improving glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity in experimental models.
• Cellular stress adaptation: Activates pathways associated with metabolic stress resistance, including AMPK signaling.
• Mitochondrial–nuclear communication: Acts as a signaling peptide linking mitochondrial status to nuclear gene expression.
• Research relevance: Explored in studies of metabolism, exercise physiology, aging, and mitochondrial health.

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🧪 Chemical & Structural Information

🔢 CAS Number

• 1627580-64-6

🧬 Molecular Formula

• C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂

⚖️ Molecular Weight

• ≈2,174.6 g/mol (Da)

🧬 Amino Acid Sequence & Structure

• MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid linear peptide with the sequence:
  Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg
• The peptide contains standard amino acids only and does not require post-translational modification for activity.
• Its relatively small size allows it to function as a systemic signaling molecule in experimental models.

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🧠 Mechanism & Biological Context

• MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress, where it influences gene expression related to energy metabolism and stress resistance.
• It activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways, promoting glucose uptake and fatty-acid oxidation in research models.
• Unlike classical peptide hormones, MOTS-c represents a mitochondrial-encoded regulatory signal, highlighting the role of mitochondria beyond ATP production.

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⚠️ Safety & Regulatory Notes

• Research Use Only: MOTS-c is not FDA-approved as a therapeutic drug or supplement.
• Human data are limited, and most findings derive from cellular and animal research models.
• Long-term effects and clinical safety profiles are not established.

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🧪 Quick Reference

Property	Detail
Name	MOTS-c
CAS #	1627580-64-6
Molecular Formula	C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂
Molecular Weight	~2,174.6 Da
Type	Mitochondrial-derived peptide (mitokine)
Length	16 amino acids
Primary Function	Metabolic regulation & mitochondrial signaling

Notice: Research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.